Construction of hulls for hydroplanes.



L. BAZAINB CONSTRUCTION OF HULLS FOR HYDROPLANES,

-APPL|CAT|0N FILED JUNE 3. 1914.

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Patented May 7,1918.

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APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3.1914.

- Patented May 7,1918.

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LEonT JBAZA, or rssY-LEs-MoULInEAUX, FRANCE, .assre non TO socrn'rn Anonirurn nus ETABLIS$EMENTS nrnuronr, or iss r-nns-inonnrnnaux, reason.

w CONSTRUCTIDN 0F HULLS FOR HYDROPLANES.

Application fi led June 3, 191a. Serial No. 842,770.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LFlON BAZAINE, acitizen of the French Republic, andresidingin lssy-les-Moulineaux, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Hulls for Hydroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention chiefly consists in providing the floats, hulls or submerged surfaces, with devices playing the part of shock absorbers between the said hulls, floats' or surfaces and the liquid medium in which or on the surface of which they travel. lhis in-.

vention consists more particularly in designing the said shock absorbing system by adding to the hull, float or submerged surface constructed in the usual manner emerging planes or surfaces with variable incidence, which can move at an angle relatively to the latter, and are exposed to an elastic or other antagonistic force acting between the hulls, floats or submerged surfaces andthe adjustable planes or surfaces supported by the latter. a v

The plane or surface with variable incidence, which is pivoted to the hull, float or the submerged surface, can limit an auxiliary volume, that is to say, move between lateral walls belonging to the main body, soas to increase its volume. In any case, whether the lateral walls are provided or not, the adjustable planes or surfaces exposed to the antagonisticaction of the force acting between them and the main body, are theseat of dynamic reactions on the whole of theapparatus.

In the accompanying drawings given by way of example,

Figure 1 is a side elevation illustrating one embodiment of my invention.-

Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating a modification.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation illustrating the use of a series of shock absorbing elements.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a stern elevation of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a bow elevation of Fig. 3. Fig. is a bottom plan view illustrating Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May t, 1918.

the application of the present invention to the hull of a hydroaeroplane.

Fig. 8 is a similar view illustrating the hull of a hydroplane.

I As shown, the arrangements according to this invention chiefly consist in constituting j is addeda simpleplane 2') arranged below the bottom and pivoted to a cross pin (Z. The said cross pin 65 which is arranged on the bottom of thefloat aisnormal to the direction of the advance. A leather bellows 6 brings about, in front, continuity of the hull,

a and of the plane b,,and conceals the pin cl and the fixing and erecting devices. Springs care insertedat' the back between the body of the float a and the adjustable planes 3).

It is obvious that any other system of shock absorber can be utilized in the place of the springs c. a

Vertical walls disposed on the sides of the body of the float a and extending downward lower than the float could be of course provided, between which would move in an angle the adjustable plane or surface 6. For the same purpose, the adjustable plane or surface 7) could be connected to the body of the float a by means of expanding walls such as bellows or others, so that the variation of incidence of the plane or surface 1) relatively to the bottom of the float a, would bring about an increase of volume of the latter.

any case, thesaid surface 5 pivoted to the float a, forms relatively tothe bottom of application of the present invention to the the latter, a wedge, the apex of which is facing forward in the direction of advance of the system, the back terminating in a po-rtion' which is parallel to the bottom of the said float a.

w The solution hereinbefore indicated would be suitable for a short and narrow float. But a single plane would be seldom'used,

and it would be preferable to use a certain to the flat bottom of the float a.

u Figs. 35 show a floatdesigned in accordance with the above mentioned means and provided with three planes bpivoted respectively to the longitudinal walls or girderiof the body. Springs 0, the tensions of which can be di'fl'erent for the three planesb, are insertedb'etween the latter and the bottom.

"In plan, it is possible to see thatthe width of the planes 7) is also different, and increases from the front of the float (4 toward the rear; The planes?) slightly overlap each other In front of the float a could be arranged :Tribis'forplanes fas shown,'with agreat angle efi aae ee so'as to produce a strong emergcncei'n the case wher'etheapparatus goes 7 into, the water ose downward.

Withfa float of such construction, the

"eater-lite in the position of rest is F F,

when traveling at acertain speed it would be F F" and'then F F It is at ,thatmothat the springs '0 or other shock-abfsorbing parts inserted between thebody of the float a and the pivoted planes 7 will play all their part. They will absorb the shocks in the manner of a pneumatic tire,

without any strain on the body of the apparatus, and more particularly without braking or tending to stop it. In plunging into the sea, even in case of agale or strong movement, the shocks will be absorbed by the shock absorbers 0 arranged between the pivoted planes 5 and the bottom of the'float a owing to the fact that the first contact will be, on a; narrow surface. An excellent shock absorbing will be therefore obtained, .witho'ut the' position of the floats arelatively to l.. l ee r0p ells rg mod mstaiic'e the "case when shock absorbers are placed between the body of the apparatus and its system of floats.

Nevertheless, the use of shock absorbers such as those described, arranged between the float a and the liquid surface constituting the road, completely modifies the problem of suspension of the aeroplanerelatively to its alighting gear so that. it is possible to provide a combination of those devices with special. elastic suspensions inserted between the said floats a and the aeroplane, in the same way is in a vehicle, the spring inserted between the frame of the vehicle and the wheel, cooperates, from the point of view of absorbing shocks and oscillations, with the elastic tires arranged between the rolling train and the road.

It will be seen that the device forming the subject "of this invention completely protects the rigid or deformable bottom of the float a (which is the weak point of the construction) from shocks. If the pivoted planes 6 are broken, no danger results for the apparatus, as the buoyancy of the system is not affected. Moreover, repairs can be quickly done, as it is question of independent surfaces which are secured to the float a. The

bottom proper is moreover protectedby the planes 6 thus constituted, from quick wear and from the shock of floating bodies.

When applied to a flat bottom ship, this system renders harmless any stranding,

wliichis of great value for'hydroplaneswith air 'propellcrs, intended for riveror colonial navigation.

It will be seen from the examples illustrated, that'the relative arrangement and'the combination of the pivoted planes 6 vary according to the special qualities to be iven 'toth'e float a. Thus,'in thecase of Fig. 7, the rear offset is constituted by two pivotal planes 5 arranged at either side'of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the float a,

and by steppedplanes, either fixed or movable, which constitute the first two ofi'setsarranged centrally. In that way, a greater "buoyancy is obtained at the back (case of a hydro-aeroplane). In the case of a hydropla'ne, it is on the contrary preferable to make the front offset by meansof two pivoted planes (Fig. 6) arranged laterally so as to cooperate with the centrally arranged rear offsets.

The said lanes 6 which produce a perfect shock-absor er, make it possible at the same time, by their energetic buoyancy, to give to anyhull the water lines desired for a given speed. 'Itis sufficient to choose accordingly the extent and the relative arrangements of the Planes b as well as the tension of the shockfabsorbing parts a interposed, which "determine the incidence, in order to create a resultant emergence, the point of application and the size of Which determine the floating position.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A hull, a series of resiliently supported and pivotally mounted overlappin planes thereon said planes increasing in size from bow to stern of said hull.

2. A hull having on the bottom thereof a plurality of longitudinally-extending planes,

with reference to said first-mentioned planes. 15

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

LEON BAZAINE.

'Witnesses VICTOR DUPONT, CHAS. P. PRESSLY.

flamers or this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by afldressinm the Gcmwmflloner ct Watenta,

ashinmon, D. U. 

